Discussion about forging machinery parts

In the numerically-controlled machine tool functional parts, there is a special group that is different from the functional parts of metal-cutting machine tools. This is the forging machinery functional part. At present, there is no strict definition and classification for forging machinery components, and the development is also slow. However, due to the special role played by forging machinery components in improving the safety and completeness of forging machinery, its professional production trend and broad market prospects have become the consensus of the industry. This article only gives a brief introduction to several common forging mechanical parts.

Friction clutch-brake In the forging machinery functional parts, with the maturity of its development, production and use, it is the first to use friction clutch-brake for mechanical presses. Friction clutch-brake is an important part of the main drive of the mechanical press. The performance of the clutch directly affects the usability, safety, reliability, and the operating rate and maintenance of the machine.

According to the friction clutch-brake structure, there are combined friction clutch-brake and separate friction clutch-brake; according to the working state of the friction pair, there are dry friction clutch-brake and wet friction clutch-brake; press the friction clutch - The brake operating system consists of pneumatic friction clutch-brake and hydraulic friction clutch-brake.

The combined friction clutch-brake has a compact structure, and the clutch is coordinated with the disengagement action. It can be mounted on the intermediate shaft as well as on the crankshaft. It is widely used on open-type presses and high-speed presses of 100 to 1,600 kN. . Separate friction clutch-brake can effectively reduce the rotational inertia of the driven part to reduce the heat during the movement, reduce the temperature rise of the friction pair, and increase the service life of the friction plate. It is usually used in closed presses and larger specifications. Open press. Separate friction clutches and brakes are generally manufactured by the host manufacturers due to structural reasons. At present, there are certain difficulties in organizing specialized production.

At present, there are basically two kinds of domestically produced functional components manufactured by specialized plants. One is a combined pneumatic dry friction clutch-brake (abbreviated as a dry friction clutch) and the other is a combined pneumatic wet friction clutch-brake (abbreviated as Wet friction clutch). These two kinds of clutches are divided according to the structure and belong to the combined type. According to the working status of the friction pair, they belong to the dry type and the wet type. According to the control system, they are the same as the pneumatic clutch.

Domestic dry friction clutches and wet friction clutches that have been developed or used by foreign technology have gradually entered the mature stage after a long period of market development. They can be used not only for mass production and supply of mainframe plants, but also with stable quality and performance. Optoelectronic safety protection device The optoelectronic safety protection device installs an invisible infrared light curtain in the protection zone between the operator of the forging machinery and the hazardous working area. Once an operator enters the protected area to block the light curtain, the control system outputs a signal to the forging pressure. The mechanical safety actuators stop the forging presses in emergency and prevent dangerous movements. It can be seen that the photoelectric safety protection device itself cannot directly protect the operator. It merely signals the machine tool to stop dangerous actions before a safety accident may occur. Therefore, strictly speaking, photoelectric safety protection devices should be called optoelectronic safety protection control devices.

Optoelectronic safety protection devices are usually classified into two types: reflective and indirect. The reflective photoelectric safety protection device consists of a controller, a sensor and a reflector. The light curtain is emitted by the sensor and reflected by the reflector and then reflected back to the sensor to receive. The radiation safety photoelectric protection device consists of a controller, a transmitting sensor and a receiving sensor. 3 parts, the light curtain is emitted by the transmitting sensor and received by the receiving sensor.

Optoelectronic safety protection device can be used for mechanical presses, hydraulic presses, shears, sheet bending machines and other forging machinery, according to the different working conditions of the machine tool, can be set to be used in the front side of the machine tool single-sided protection, front and back of the machine The double-sided protection type used can also be set to the "C" shaped protection type on the front and both sides of the machine tool. The height of protection, ie the light curtain of the photoelectric safety protection device, must be greater than the maximum stroke of the working mechanism of the forging machine. This is the basic parameter requirement for selecting the photoelectric safety protection device. At present, there are many domestic manufacturers of photoelectric safety protection devices, and the specifications and models are relatively complete. Generally, the protection height is between 60 and 600 millimeters. The control system has a self-test function and the response time is 20 milliseconds. However, it is worth mentioning that the quality of products entering the market varies greatly, and the host manufacturers must be cautious when it comes to supporting them. Once a non-permissible safety protection device is selected, the consequences are unimaginable.

It must be emphasized again that the components (such as the sliders) that the main unit poses for dangerous conditions must have the ability to brake at any position. Otherwise, after the optoelectronic safety protection device sends a signal, the machine tool does not have an actuator that can stop the dangerous operation and cannot protect the operator's safety.

The Cam Controller The cam controller is an important part of the electrical control system for mechanical presses. In a working cycle of a mechanical press, there are strict logical relationships between the actions of the main and auxiliary work mechanisms, including the sequence of actions and the time taken by the actions. The method of processing the logical relationship of the working mechanism is usually to distribute the 360 degrees of the crankshaft revolution, formulate the working cycle diagram of the mechanical press, and control the operation of each working mechanism. The cam controller is the actuator that distributes the crankshaft rotation angle. The cam controller is installed on the shaft that rotates synchronously with the crankshaft. Following the rotation of the crankshaft, the cam controller sends a corresponding signal. After the electronic control system receives the signal, it sends commands to each working mechanism, and the working mechanism sequentially produces the specified actions to complete the machine. A working cycle of the press. There are many professional factories that produce cam controllers in China, and the product quality is generally stable.

The automatic feeding device has a variety of automatic feeding devices in the forging machinery. Here, it refers to the automatic feeding of sheet materials for single presses such as open presses, closed presses, multi-position presses, high-speed presses, or press auto lines. Device. The automatic feeding device is generally composed of a material rack and a decoiling leveling mechanism, a pneumatic clamp-type feeding mechanism, and a waste reeling material rack. The material rack and the decoiling leveling mechanism have three functions of supporting the coiling material, unwinding and leveling. The decoiling mechanism loosens the coiling material a little and hangs freely, so as to reduce the pulling force of the feeding mechanism in the feeding process, which is favorable for improving the feeding accuracy. The leveling mechanism uses multiple rolls to apply force to the rolled material after uncoiling, so that the sheet can be corrected before stamping, which is beneficial to improving the precision of the product. Pneumatic clamp-type feeding mechanism is powered by compressed air, controlling the opening and closing of clamps and reciprocating movement to complete the feeding of sheet materials. The stroke of reciprocating movement is steplessly adjustable to meet the requirements of different feeding lengths. The waste take-up reel winds the stamped waste material. If the waste material is cut off and recovered during stamping, this part is not required.

At present, there are professional manufacturers of serial automatic production feeders in China, but most of them are used for small and medium-sized open presses. The automatic feeders used in closed presses and transfer presses are usually manufactured by the OEM. From the development trend, this potential market will be occupied by professional manufacturers of automatic feeding devices.

Stamping die stamping die stamping is the most typical forging machinery functional part, and it first achieved standardization and professional production. Punching, blanking, drawing, cutting and other punching processes on the mechanical press are all inseparable from the stamping die. The punch and die of the working part of the stamping die are installed on the stamping die frame. Different punching procedures require different punches and die, but the same stamping die set can be used. Stamping formwork consists of upper formwork, lower formwork, guidepost and guide sleeve. It has developed series of products for different specifications and types of presses. Stamping formwork below medium specification has achieved standardization. There are a large number of professional factories that produce stamping die sets in China, and stamping die sets have been produced and sold as standard components. However, a large stamping die frame is usually a special order and is provided together with the die by the die maker to the user. Other functional components Shearing blades of shears, bending molds of sheet metal bending machines are generally regarded as functional components. Currently, there are specialized factories in China, and their professional production trends are gratifying. The dies of the CNC turret punch press have been commissioned by the main engine factory to be manufactured by a professional factory, and it is expected to form a specialized production pattern within five years. The tonnage indicator is a functional part used in large and medium-sized presses. There are domestic sales of products, but due to the reasons of accuracy and stability, the main engine manufacturers use more foreign products.

In addition, overload protection devices for mechanical presses, automatic die change systems, and mobile workstations should all be regarded as functional components, and they are bound to take the path of specialized production in the future. At present, due to the technical difficulties of these functional components, strong personalization, and small output, professional production will take some time. With the development of forging machinery, the all-embracing production pattern of the main engine plant will be broken, and many parts will be stripped off and commissioned by specialized factories. After a period of transition, these parts will gradually be regarded as functional components, and their specialized production trends will be directed towards metal cutting machine tools. For the forging machinery used hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, testing and other functional components, because of the same with the metal cutting machine tool, this article will not repeat them.

SCZY TECH provides mold, Investment Casting Parts, Die Casting parts, Forging Parts, CNC Machining Parts, finishing and all process related. And specialized in a variety of related nonstandard customization. Any project need us for help, pls feel free to let us know.